To keep F-1 status, you must make normal progress in a full course of study every term. Summer is usually a vacation unless it is your first term.
Undergraduate: at least 12 credit hours a term at most colleges.
Graduate: the number your school sets as full time. Ask your school.
English language programs: at least 18 hours of class a week.
Only one online class, or 3 credits, per term can count toward your full-time load.
Example: you need 12 credits and take 4 classes. If 2 are fully online, only 9 credits count, so you are below full time. Add another in-person class.
Students in English language programs may not count online classes at all.
Hybrid classes (partly in person) usually count as in-person. Check with your DSO.
Reduced course load (RCL)
You may take less than full time only with DSO approval in advance, for reasons like:
Your first term, if you have real trouble with English or US teaching methods.
A medical condition, with a letter from a doctor (up to 12 months in total per program level).
Your final term, if you need fewer credits to finish.
Your DSO must update SEVIS before you drop.
Steps before you drop or withdraw
Email your DSO (Designated School Official, in the international office): "I am thinking of dropping BIO 210. Will I still be full time?"
Wait for the answer in writing.
Then drop the class in the student system.
Rules being challenged in 2026
In July 2026, DHS published a rule to replace "duration of status" with a fixed admission period of up to 4 years for F and J students. On September 14, 2026, a federal court postponed it, so the old rules still apply while the case and the appeal continue. Watch emails from your international office.
Dropping a class after add/drop week without asking. Your record can be ended.
Choosing an online section because it fits your schedule, then falling below full time.
Taking a semester off to work or travel. It ends your status unless your DSO approves it.